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Scutellinia scutellata
''Scutellinia scutellata'', commonly known as the eyelash cup, the Molly eye-winker, the scarlet elf cap, the eyelash fungus or the eyelash pixie cup, is a small saprophytic fungus of the genus ''Scutellinia''. It is the type species of ''Scutellinia'', as well as being the most common and widespread. The fruiting bodies are small red cups with distinct long, dark hairs or "eyelashes". These eyelashes are the most distinctive feature and are easily visible with a magnifying glass. The species is common in North America and Europe, and has been recorded on every continent. ''S. scutellata'' is found on rotting wood and in other damp habitats, typically growing in small groups, sometimes forming clusters. It is sometimes described as inedible, but its small size means it is not suitable for culinary use. Despite this, it is popular among mushroom hunters due to its unusual "eyelash" hairs, making it memorable and easy to identify.
== Taxonomy ==
''S. scutellata'' was first described in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in his book ''Species Plantarum'' as ''Peziza scutellata'', and it was given its current name by Jean Baptiste Émil Lambotte in ''Memoires societe royale des sciences de Liege'' in 1887. It was also named ''Patella scutellata'' in 1902. The specific name ''scutellata'' is from the Latin for "like a small shield".〔 Common names include the eyelash fungus,〔 the eyelash cup,〔 the scarlet elf cap, the Molly eye-winker and the eyelash pixie cup.〔
The ''Scutellinia'' genus is currently placed in the Pyronemataceae family. However, genera of the Pyronemataceae lack unifying macroscopic or microscopic characteristics; this lack of uniting characters has led various authors to propose a variety of classification schemes. A 1996 study of British specimens of ''Scutellinia'' revealed that the species ''S. crinita'', originally described as ''Peziza crinita'' in 1789 by French botanist Jean Baptiste François Pierre Bulliard, was synonymous with ''S. scutellata''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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